Jayden Lee, EMBA, PharmD, BCACP & Husna Rahim, PharmD
The Transformative Potential of Phenoconversion in Pharmacogenomics. What is phenoconversion, and why is it pivotal in the realm of pharmacogenomics (PGx)? An exploration of phenoconversion, PGx mechanisms, and their combined predictive possibilities illustrates the transformative potential of phenoconversion in PGx applications.
Phenoconversion is a mismatch between genotype and phenotype. Phenoconversion occurs when a patient’s observable traits, such as physical characteristics or disease symptoms (phenotype), do not match what would be predicted based on their genetic makeup (genotype). This phenomenon can significantly impact drug efficacy and safety, making the understanding of phenoconversion necessary in clinical settings. PGx, which examines how an individual’s genetic variation influences their response to drugs, plays a key role in predicting and managing phenoconversion.
Gene-drug interactions in guiding dosing. The mechanisms by which PGx influences drug response and accelerate phenoconversion are multifaceted. In terms of PGx testing, phenoconversion emphasizes the importance of dynamic testing approaches. Current strategies involve single snapshots of genetic setups which fail to account for potential changes in gene expression or enzyme activity. Regular monitoring or dynamic approaches can capture these variations, allowing for a more continuous, precise tailoring of PGx based on real-time metabolic capabilities (Altar 2015).
A number of recent studies have supported the use of PGx for managing and predicting phenoconversion. For example, the Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB) has documented numerous gene-drug interactions that can guide the adjustment of drug dosages (2023). Recognizing and accounting for phenoconversion is therefore essential to ensure that PGx information provides actionable and reliable guidance in clinical practice.
A holistic approach to patient care. Looking ahead, the future of PGx in accelerating phenoconversion appears promising. To manage the effects of phenoconversion effectively, healthcare providers must adopt a holistic approach to patient care that considers not only genetic data but also lifestyle, environmental factors, and concurrent medications. Moreover, enhancing the accessibility of genetic testing and improving the integration of PGx data into healthcare systems are crucial toward making personalized medicine personal (Greden 2019).
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